std::strtol, std::strtoll

C++

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Strings library

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Functions
Character manipulation
isalnum isalpha islower isupper isdigit isxdigit isblank (C++11)	iscntrl isgraph isspace isprint ispunct tolower toupper
Conversions to numeric formats
atof atoiatolatoll (C++11) strtolstrtoll (C++11)	strtoulstrtoull (C++11) strtofstrtodstrtold (C++11)(C++11) strtoimaxstrtouimax (C++11)(C++11)
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memchr
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strerror

Defined in header <cstdlib>
long strtol( const char *str, char **str_end, int base );
long long strtoll( const char *str, char **str_end, int base );		(since C++11)

Interprets an integer value in a byte string pointed to by str.

Discards any whitespace characters (as identified by calling isspace()) until the first non-whitespace character is found, then takes as many characters as possible to form a valid base-n (where n=base) integer number representation and converts them to an integer value. The valid integer value consists of the following parts:

• (optional) plus or minus sign
• (optional) prefix (0) indicating octal base (applies only when the base is 8 or 0)
• (optional) prefix (0x or 0X) indicating hexadecimal base (applies only when the base is 16 or 0)
• a sequence of digits

The set of valid values for base is {0,2,3,...,36}. The set of valid digits for base-2 integers is {0,1}, for base-3 integers is {0,1,2}, and so on. For bases larger than 10, valid digits include alphabetic characters, starting from Aa for base-11 integer, to Zz for base-36 integer. The case of the characters is ignored.

Additional numeric formats may be accepted by the currently installed C locale.

If the value of base is 0, the numeric base is auto-detected: if the prefix is 0, the base is octal, if the prefix is 0x or 0X, the base is hexadecimal, otherwise the base is decimal.

If the minus sign was part of the input sequence, the numeric value calculated from the sequence of digits is negated as if by unary minus in the result type.

The functions sets the pointer pointed to by str_end to point to the character past the last character interpreted. If str_end is NULL, it is ignored.

If the str is empty or does not have the expected form, no conversion is performed, and (if str_end is not NULL) the value of str is stored in the object pointed to by str_end.

Parameters

str	-	pointer to the null-terminated byte string to be interpreted
str_end	-	pointer to a pointer to character.
base	-	base of the interpreted integer value

Return value

• If successful, an integer value corresponding to the contents of str is returned.
• If the converted value falls out of range of corresponding return type, a range error occurs (setting errno to ERANGE) and LONG_MAX, LONG_MIN, LLONG_MAX or LLONG_MIN is returned.
• If no conversion can be performed, 0 is returned.

Example

Run this code

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cstdlib>

int main()
{
    const char* p = "10 200000000000000000000000000000 30 -40";
    char *end;
    std::cout << "Parsing '" << p << "':\n";
    for (long i = std::strtol(p, &end, 10);
         p != end;
         i = std::strtol(p, &end, 10))
    {
        std::cout << "'" << std::string(p, end-p) << "' -> ";
        p = end;
        if (errno == ERANGE){
            std::cout << "range error, got ";
            errno = 0;
        }
        std::cout << i << '\n';
    }
}

Output:

Parsing '10 200000000000000000000000000000 30 -40':
'10' -> 10
' 200000000000000000000000000000' -> range error, got 9223372036854775807
' 30' -> 30
' -40' -> -40

See also

atoiatolatoll	converts a byte string to an integer value (function)
strtoul strtoull	converts a byte string to an unsigned integer value (function)
wcstolwcstoll	converts a wide string to an integer value (function)
strtofstrtodstrtold	converts a byte string to a floating point value (function)
from_chars (C++17)	converts a character sequence to an integer or floating-point value (function)