std::sqrt(std::valarray)

C++

Language

Headers

Freestanding and hosted implementations

Named requirements

Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

Diagnostics library

Utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Algorithms library

Iterators library

Numerics library

Input/output library

Localizations library

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Atomic operations library (C++11)

Thread support library (C++11)

Filesystem library (C++17)

Technical Specifications

Numerics library

Common mathematical functions

Special mathematical functions

Floating-point environment (C++11)

Complex numbers

Numeric arrays

Pseudo-random number generation

Compile-time rational arithmetic (C++11)

Numeric algorithms

gcd (C++17)

lcm (C++17)

Generic numeric operations

iota (C++11)

accumulate

inner_product

adjacent_difference

partial_sum

reduce (C++17)

transform_reduce (C++17)

inclusive_scan (C++17)

exclusive_scan (C++17)

transform_inclusive_scan (C++17)

transform_exclusive_scan (C++17)

Bit operations

bit_cast (C++20)

ispow2 (C++20)

ceil2 (C++20)

floor2 (C++20)

log2p1 (C++20)

std::valarray

Member functions
valarray::valarray valarray::~valarray valarray::operator= valarray::operator[] valarray::swap valarray::size valarray::resize valarray::sum valarray::min valarray::max valarray::shift valarray::cshift valarray::apply	valarray::operator+valarray::operator-valarray::operator~valarray::operator! valarray::operator+=valarray::operator-=valarray::operator*=valarray::operator/=valarray::operator%=valarray::operator&=valarray::operator|=valarray::operator^=valarray::operator<<=valarray::operator>>=
Non-member functions
swap (C++11) begin (C++11) end (C++11) abs exp log log10 pow sqrt sin cos tan asin acos atan atan2 sinh cosh tanh	operator*operator/operator%operator+operator-operator^operator&operator|operator<<operator>>operator&&operator|| operator==operator!=operator<operator>operator<=operator>=
Helper classes
slice_array gslice_array indirect_array	slice gslice mask_array
Deduction guides(C++17)

Defined in header <valarray>
template< class T > valarray<T> sqrt( const valarray<T>& va );

For each element in va computes the square root of the value of the element.

Parameters

va

-

value array to apply the operation to

Return value

Value array containing square roots of the values in va.

Notes

Unqualified function (sqrt) is used to perform the computation. If such function is not available, std::sqrt is used due to argument dependent lookup.

The function can be implemented with the return type different from std::valarray. In this case, the replacement type has the following properties:

• All const member functions of std::valarray are provided.
• std::valarray, std::slice_array, std::gslice_array, std::mask_array and std::indirect_array can be constructed from the replacement type.
• All functions accepting an argument of type const std::valarray& except begin() and end() (since C++11) should also accept the replacement type.
• All functions accepting two arguments of type const std::valarray& should accept every combination of const std::valarray& and the replacement type.
• The return type does not add more than two levels of template nesting over the most deeply-nested argument type.

Possible implementation

template<class T> valarray<T> sqrt(const valarray<T>& va) { valarray<T> other = va; for (T &i : other) { i = sqrt(i); } return other; }

Example

Finds real roots of multiple quadratic equations.

Run this code

#include <valarray>
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    std::valarray<double> a(1, 8);
    std::valarray<double> b{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
    std::valarray<double> c = -b;
    // literals must also be of type T (double in this case)
    std::valarray<double> d = std::sqrt((b * b - 4.0 * a * c));
    std::valarray<double> x1 = (-b - d) / (2.0 * a);
    std::valarray<double> x2 = (-b + d) / (2.0 * a);
    std::cout << "quadratic equation    root 1,  root 2" << "\n";
    for (size_t i = 0; i < a.size(); ++i) {
        std::cout << a[i] << "x\u00B2 + " << b[i] << "x + " << c[i] << " = 0   ";
        std::cout << x1[i] << ", " << x2[i] << "\n";
    }
}

Output:

quadratic equation    root 1,  root 2
1x + 1x + -1 = 0   -1.61803, 0.618034
1x + 2x + -2 = 0   -2.73205, 0.732051
1x + 3x + -3 = 0   -3.79129, 0.791288
1x + 4x + -4 = 0   -4.82843, 0.828427
1x + 5x + -5 = 0   -5.8541, 0.854102
1x + 6x + -6 = 0   -6.87298, 0.872983
1x + 7x + -7 = 0   -7.88748, 0.887482
1x + 8x + -8 = 0   -8.89898, 0.898979

See also

pow(std::valarray)	applies the function std::pow to two valarrays or a valarray and a value (function template)
sqrt	computes square root (x) (function)
sqrt(std::complex)	complex square root in the range of the right half-plane (function template)