std::mbsrtowcs

C++

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Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

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Technical Specifications

Strings library

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Wide strings

Classes

basic_string

basic_string_view (C++17)

char_traits

Null-terminated multibyte strings

Wide/multibyte conversions
mbsinit
mbtowc mbstowcs btowc mbrtowc mbsrtowcs mbrtoc16 (C++11) mbrtoc32 (C++11) mblen	wctomb wcstombs wctob wcrtomb wcsrtombs c16rtomb (C++11) c32rtomb (C++11) mbrlen
Types
mbstate_t

Defined in header <cwchar>
std::size_t mbsrtowcs( wchar_t* dst, const char** src, std::size_t len, std::mbstate_t* ps );

Converts a null-terminated multibyte character sequence, which begins in the conversion state described by *ps, from the array whose first element is pointed to by *src to its wide character representation. If dst is not null, converted characters are stored in the successive elements of the wchar_t array pointed to by dst. No more than len wide characters are written to the destination array.

Each multibyte character is converted as if by a call to std::mbrtowc. The conversion stops if:

• The multibyte null character was converted and stored. src is set to NULL and *ps represents the initial shift state.
• An invalid multibyte character (according to the current C locale) was encountered. src is set to point at the beginning of the first unconverted multibyte character.
• the next wide character to be stored would exceed len. src is set to point at the beginning of the first unconverted multibyte character. This condition is not checked if dst==NULL.

Parameters

dst	-	pointer to wide character array where the results will be stored
src	-	pointer to pointer to the first element of a null-terminated multibyte string
len	-	number of wide characters available in the array pointed to by dst
ps	-	pointer to the conversion state object

Return value

On success, returns the number of wide characters, excluding the terminating L'\0', written to the character array. If dst==NULL, returns the number of wide characters that would have been written given unlimited length.

On conversion error (if invalid multibyte character was encountered), returns static_cast<std::size_t>(-1), stores EILSEQ in errno, and leaves *ps in unspecified state.

Notes

This function moves the src pointer to the end of the converted multibyte string. This doesn't happen if dst==NULL.

Example

Run this code

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <clocale>
#include <cwchar>

void print_as_wide(const char* mbstr)
{
    std::mbstate_t state = std::mbstate_t();
    std::size_t len = 1 + std::mbsrtowcs(NULL, &mbstr, 0, &state);
    std::vector<wchar_t> wstr(len);
    std::mbsrtowcs(&wstr[0], &mbstr, wstr.size(), &state);
    std::wcout << "Wide string: " << &wstr[0] << '\n'
               << "The length, including '\\0': " << wstr.size() << '\n';
}

int main()
{
    std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.utf8");
    const char* mbstr = u8"z\u00df\u6c34\U0001f34c"; // or u8"z"
    print_as_wide(mbstr);
}

Output:

Wide string: z
The length, including '\0': 5

See also

mbrtowc	converts the next multibyte character to wide character, given state (function)
wcsrtombs	converts a wide string to narrow multibyte character string, given state (function)
do_in [virtual]	converts a string from externT to internT, such as when reading from file (virtual protected member function of std::codecvt)