operator+,-,*,/ (std::complex)

(1)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator+( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator+( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(since C++20)

(2)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator+( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const T& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator+( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const T& rhs );

(since C++20)

(3)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator+( const T& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator+( const T& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(since C++20)

(4)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator-( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator-( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(since C++20)

(5)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator-( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const T& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator-( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const T& rhs );

(since C++20)

(6)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator-( const T& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator-( const T& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(since C++20)

(7)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator*( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator*( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(since C++20)

(8)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator*( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const T& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator*( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const T& rhs );

(since C++20)

(9)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator*( const T& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator*( const T& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(since C++20)

(10)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator/( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator/( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(since C++20)

(11)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator/( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const T& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator/( const std::complex<T>& lhs,

const T& rhs );

(since C++20)

(12)

template< class T >

std::complex<T> operator/( const T& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(until C++20)

template< class T >

constexpr std::complex<T> operator/( const T& lhs,

const std::complex<T>& rhs );

(since C++20)

Implements the binary operators for complex arithmetic and for mixed complex/scalar arithmetic. Scalar arguments are treated as complex numbers with the real part equal to the argument and the imaginary part set to zero.

1-3) Returns the sum of its arguments.

4-6) Returns the result of subtracting rhs from lhs.

7-9) Multiplies its arguments.

10-12) Divides lhs by rhs.

Parameters

lhs, rhs

-

the arguments: either both complex numbers or one complex and one scalar of matching type (float, double, long double)

Return value

1-3) std::complex<T>(lhs) += rhs

4-6) std::complex<T>(lhs) -= rhs

7-9) std::complex<T>(lhs) *= rhs

10-12) std::complex<T>(lhs) /= rhs

Notes

Because template argument deduction does not consider implicit conversions, these operators cannot be used for mixed integer/complex arithmetic. In all cases, the scalar must have the same type as the underlying type of the complex number.

The GCC flag "-fcx-limited-range" (included by "-ffast-math") changes the behavior of complex multiply/division by removing checks for floating point edge cases. This impacts loop vectorization.

Example

Run this code

#include <complex>
#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    std::complex<double> c2(2.0, 0.0);
    std::complex<double> ci(0.0, 1.0);
 
    std::cout << ci << " + " << c2 << " = " << ci + c2 << '\n'
              << ci << " * " << ci << " = " << ci * ci << '\n'
              << ci << " + " << c2 << " / " << ci << " = " << ci + c2 / ci << '\n'
              << 1  << " / " << ci << " = " << 1.0 / ci << '\n';
 
//    std::cout << 1.0f / ci; // compile error
//    std::cout << 1 / ci; // compile error
}

Output:

(0,1) + (2,0) = (2,1)
(0,1) * (0,1) = (-1,0)
(0,1) + (2,0) / (0,1) = (0,-1)
1 / (0,1) = (0,-1)

Compiler support
Freestanding and hosted
Language
Standard library
Standard library headers
Named requirements
Feature test macros (C++20)
Language support library
Concepts library (C++20)
Metaprogramming library (C++11)
Diagnostics library
General utilities library
Strings library
Containers library
Iterators library
Ranges library (C++20)
Algorithms library
Numerics library
Localizations library
Input/output library
Filesystem library (C++17)
Regular expressions library (C++11)
Concurrency support library (C++11)
Execution support library (C++26)
Technical specifications
Symbols index
External libraries

operator+=operator-=operator*=operator/=	compound assignment of two complex numbers or a complex and a scalar (public member function)
operator+operator-	applies unary operators to complex numbers (function template)

operator+,-,*,/ (std::complex)

Parameters

Return value

Notes

Example

See also

Navigation